On-page SEO covers all the optimizations made directly on your site's pages — titles, headings, content, meta descriptions and URL structure.
On-page SEO (or internal SEO) refers to all the changes you make directly on your site's pages to make them more relevant and easier for Google and users to understand. It includes: the title tag with the main keyword, the meta description, the H1→H2→H3 structure, the density and natural placement of keywords, internal links with descriptive anchor text, image optimization (alt text, dimensions), readable URLs, loading speed and mobile-friendliness.
On-page SEO is the foundation of any SEO strategy. Without it, even if you have excellent backlinks, Google does not understand what your page is about and does not rank it correctly. Google confirms that the title, headings and content are critical ranking factors.
Source: Google Search Central — How Search WorksTechnical SEO covers the optimizations of your site's infrastructure — crawlability, indexing, loading speed, HTTPS and data structure — that let Google find and understand your pages.
Off-page SEO covers all the actions taken outside your site to increase its authority and ranking — mainly link building and brand signals.
Keyword research is the process of identifying the words and phrases your target audience searches for on Google, so you can create content that answers exactly those searches.
The meta description is a 150-160 character text placed in the HTML code that appears under the page title in Google results and influences the click-through rate (CTR).
Explore how to apply this concept to your industry and city.